BAY FRONT
OperatingBiomass power plant
- Capacity
- 67 MW
- Primary fuel
- Biomass
- County
- Ashland County
- Operator
- NORTHERN STATES POWER CO - MINNESOTA
- Status
- Operating
- Commissioned
- 1952
- EIA plant ID
- 3982
- Generators
- 2
- Net generation (2024)
- 160 GWh
- Capacity factor (2024, EIA nameplate)
- 39%
- Data vintage
- EIA-860 2024 final; EIA-923 2022-2024 final
- Coordinates
- 46.5872, -90.9015
BAY FRONT, a 67 MW Biomass power plant in Ashland County, Wisconsin. Operated by NORTHERN STATES POWER CO - MINNESOTA, commissioned 1952.
How BAY FRONT compares
With 67 MW of capacity, BAY FRONT ranks 32nd among the 141 operating power plants Bywatts maps in Wisconsin and 2nd of the 12 operating Biomass plants in the state. It accounts for about 21% of Wisconsin's operating Biomass capacity and 0.4% of all operating capacity in the state. Nationally it is the 50th-largest of the 350 operating Biomass plants in the database. Commissioned in 1952, it is older than 53% of the 141 operating Wisconsin plants with a recorded commissioning year. Its operator, NORTHERN STATES POWER CO - MINNESOTA, runs 18 operating plants in Wisconsin totaling 806 MW. It shares Ashland County with one other operating plant, WHITE RIVER.
Under the same EIA plant code, EIA-860 lists 2 generators at the site with 47 MW of nameplate capacity (this page's HIFLD capacity figure is 67 MW). Net generation was 160 GWh in 2024 (a 39% capacity factor), down 8% from 2022. Its generators came online between 1952 and 1957.
Grid neighborhood
The nearest named substation is GINGLES (161 kV), about 2.2 miles away; the closest transmission line found within 10 miles is a 161 kV line owned by NORTHERN STATES POWER CO - WISCONSIN, about 1.9 miles away. Another 2 operating power plants totaling 2 MW sit within 25 miles; the largest is SUPERIOR FALLS (1 MW, Hydro).
Computed by Bywatts from HIFLD power plant, substation and transmission line records and EIA-860/923 survey data; distances are straight-line. Sources and methodology
Weather peril exposure
BAY FRONT is a 67 MW biomass power plant in Ashland County, WI, operated by NORTHERN STATES POWER CO - MINNESOTA, commissioned in 1952. Ashland County carries moderate modeled catastrophe exposure in the FEMA National Risk Index, scoring 1.8 of 5 at the 21st national percentile. Lightning is the leading peril, rated Relatively Low by FEMA at the 96th percentile.
The Bywatts loss layer is calibrated to solar PV hardware, so it is not applied to a biomass plant. The ratings below are the FEMA National Risk Index county hazard ratings for this location.
Ashland County hazard ratings
| Peril | FEMA rating | National percentile | Peril score | Events per year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lightning | Relatively Low | 96th | 4.9 of 5 | 27.9 |
| Heat wave | Very Low | 76th | 4.0 of 5 | 1.1 |
| Winter weather | Relatively Moderate | 55th | 3.2 of 5 | 31.3 |
| Hail | Very Low | 41st | 2.6 of 5 | 1.3 |
| Strong wind | Relatively Low | 19th | 1.8 of 5 | 0.96 |
| Riverine flooding | Very Low | 17th | 1.7 of 5 | 0.75 |
| Tornado | Very Low | 16th | 1.7 of 5 | 0.19 |
| Ice storm | Very Low | 16th | 1.6 of 5 | 0.13 |
| Wildfire | Very Low | 11th | 1.4 of 5 | <0.01 |
| Coastal flooding | Very Low | 2nd | 1.1 of 5 | <0.01 |
| Earthquake | Very Low | 0th | 1.0 of 5 | <0.01 |
Perils not assessed in Ashland County
These perils carry no usable National Risk Index figure for this county, so they are excluded from the scoring rather than scored zero. A zero would claim the peril was assessed and found benign.
| Peril | Why it is not scored |
|---|---|
| Hurricane | FEMA rating is "No Rating" for this county |
Model hail, wind and flood exposure for Ashland County in the weather risk calculator
Ratings are the FEMA National Risk Index county hazard ratings; the peril score is a Bywatts transform of the FEMA national percentile. Full data sources and the solar vulnerability methodology are in the weather risk calculator.
Modeled estimate for screening and negotiation. Built from FEMA National Risk Index county hazard data and a solar vulnerability layer documented above. Not a quote, a binder, or actuarial advice, and not a substitute for a carrier's own model. Hazard data: FEMA National Risk Index December 2025, synced 2026-07-24. Resolution is county level, not site level.